• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A seed drill for seeding having a front end (100) and a rear end (200) and comprising coupling means (10) for connecting the seed drill to the drive, cultivating means (20) for cultivating the soil and seed drilling means (30) for feeding the seed to be sown to the ground. The sowing cultivator further comprises leveling means (40) for leveling and compacting the soil cultivated by the cultivating means (20), wherein the seed sowing means (30) are adapted to feed the seed to be sown to the ground leveled and compacted by the leveling means (40).
    公开号:FI20195466A1
    申请号:FI20195466
    申请日:2019-06-03
    公开日:2020-12-04
    发明作者:Taisto Nuutinen
    申请人:Tmi Taisto Nuutinen；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a seed cultivator for sowing seeds. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In mechanical sowing, cultivating means connected to a driving device such as a tractor can be used for milling, harrowing or mowing the soil and associated sowing means for feeding seed into the soil. Sowing can be carried out after fresh tillage. Mechanical sowing can be used, for example, for sowing seeds of pine, spruce, birch or other tree species or, more generally, woody plants. Mechanized sowing of seeds can be more economical compared to, for example, planting seedlings.
    One example of equipment that enables mechanical sowing is a cultivator connected to the boom of an excavator, which can also sow seeds. The device can be used to mill spot spots into the ground, at which the seeds are sown at the same time. With equipment like this, you can make patches of a few hundred pieces per hour. Indeed, one problem with such spot-seeding seed drilling equipment is its relatively modest performance in terms of sown area. For example, tillage and sowing in the seed drill, which performs point tillage, are interrupted each time you move from one disc to another. In addition, the use of the machine can be stressful for the user when the controls of the excavator acting as a driving device must be actively influenced throughout the work. The sowing rate (g / ha) of the seed drill can also vary considerably depending on the machine operator. Depending on the characteristics of the equipment, such equipment can achieve, for example,> 25 about 1.5 ha of sown area during the working day.
    N Another example of equipment for mechanical sowing is a harrow with seed sowing means or a similar tiller. In the seed feeders connected to the harrow, the seeds can be fed to the harrow = soil substantially continuously and at a constant speed. One problem with such sowing o 30 sowing equipment is the potentially poor germination of the sown seeds, as the seeds are also directed to germination points which are unfavorable for germination. OF
    Brief description of the invention The object of the invention is thus to develop the apparatus in such a way that the above-mentioned problems can be solved or at least alleviated. The object of the invention is achieved by a seed cultivator which is characterized by what is stated in the independent claim. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of dependent claims.
    The invention is based on the fact that the sowing cultivator comprises leveling means for leveling and compacting the soil cultivated by the cultivating means, and in that the seed sowing means are adapted to feed the seeds to be sown into the ground leveled and compacted by the leveling means. The advantage of the apparatus according to the invention is that the sowing efficiency can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in more detail in connection with preferred embodiments, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows an apparatus according to an embodiment; Figure 2 shows an apparatus according to an embodiment; and Figure 3 shows an apparatus according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to one embodiment, a seed drill for sowing seed comprises coupling means for connecting the seed drill to the drive, cultivating means for cultivating the soil and seed sowing means for feeding the seed to be sown to the soil. The seed drill further comprises leveling means for leveling and compacting the soil cultivated with the cultivating means. The sowing means for the seeds are preferably adapted to supply the seeds to be sown to the ground leveled and compacted by the leveling means. The operating principle of the seed drill is thus three-step. In the first stage the soil is cultivated, in the second stage the soil is compacted and leveled and in the third stage the seeds are sown in the ground E. Figures 1 to 3 show an example of a seed drill according to an embodiment. It should be noted that the figures show only the elements essential for understanding the invention 2. Thus, the structure of the apparatus forming the seed drill may differ from that shown in the figures. For example, the number of different elements and parts of the apparatus may vary and differ from those shown in the figures. Likewise, the shape and / or order of the different elements and parts may vary and differ
    from the defects.
    The seed drill according to the example of the figures comprises coupling means 10, cultivating means 20, seed drilling means 30 and leveling means 40. The seed drill has a front end 100 and a rear end 200, between which the longitudinal axis of the seed drill extends.
    According to one embodiment, the seed drill may comprise one or more bodies 50 to which at least some of the elements or parts of the seed drill may be attached.
    It is also possible that the seed drill does not have a separate frame, but that the elements or parts of the seed drill could be attached to each other directly and / or via each other.
    According to one embodiment, the coupling means 10 by means of which the seed drill can be connected to the drive device (not shown in the figures) are located substantially at the front end 100 of the equipment, but the location may vary depending on the structure of the equipment.
    In this context, a drive device generally means a device by means of which the seed drill can at least be controlled during use of the seed drill.
    The drive unit may comprise a control interface by means of which the functions of the seed drill can be controlled.
    The control of the seed drill can be implemented from the cab of the drive unit by the user or controller of the unit, for example by wireless or wired remote control.
    Hardware functions can also be automatic.
    It is advantageous to arrange the use of the equipment in such a way that it places the least possible load on the user.
    In addition to the steering, the drive device can also act as a traction device, which produces at least part of the traction required to bring about the movement of the seed drill.
    Furthermore, the drive device can produce the operating power required by one or more elements or parts of the seed drill.
    The driving device can be, for example, a tractor, an excavator or some other working machine such as an agricultural machine or a forestry machine.
    In the example of the figures, the cultivating means 20 for cultivating the soil are arranged after the coupling means 10 on the rear side 200 of the seed drill.
    Further in the example of the figures, the leveling means 40 for leveling and compacting the worked soil D are arranged after the shaping means 20 on the rear side 200 of the seed drill.
    The seed sowing means 30 are adapted to supply the seed to be sown to the leveled and compacted © 30 ground with the leveling means 40.
    In the example of the figures, the seed sowing means 30 are arranged essentially on the rear side 200 of the apparatus, but the sowing means and its various parts
    © location may vary depending on the hardware design. According to one embodiment, the cultivating means 20 comprise at least one cultivating member 21 having a substantially cylindrical body 22 N 35 and adapted to rotate about an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the seed cultivator between the front end 100 and the rear end 200.
    with respect to the longitudinal axis of the nail.
    The cultivating member 21 can thus act by means of a rotational movement to cultivate the soil, such as for fluffing.
    It is also possible that the body 22 of the shaping member differs from the cylindrical one.
    The cultivating member can be implemented, for example, as a soil cultivating device fixedly connected to the seed cultivator body 50.
    The axis of rotation of the at least one cultivating member 21 can also be arranged at an angle other than about 90 * with respect to the longitudinal axis of the seeding cultivator, depending on, for example, the structure and operating mode of the cultivating member.
    According to a further embodiment, the shaping means 20 may comprise at least two shaping members 21 arranged in parallel.
    This allows the seed drill to work on at least two parallel seed lines at the same time.
    There can be several sowing lines, which can increase the efficiency of the seed drill (as the sowing area to be achieved in a certain time).
    The seed cultivator according to the example of the figures comprises two cultivating elements 21 arranged in parallel, which are preferably arranged on both sides of the longitudinal central axis of the seed cultivator.
    The parallel shaping members 21 may also be of different construction.
    According to a further embodiment, the at least one shaping member 21 comprises blades 23 projecting from the outer surface of its cylindrical body 22 for milling the ground.
    The blades 23 may be, for example, blades which may be arranged to be replaced.
    The material of the blades 23 may be a metal such as carbide.
    The blades 23 can also be implemented in different ways.
    According to a further embodiment, the shaping means 20 further comprise moving means 24 for adjusting the distance of the at least one shaping member 21 relative to the ground to be worked.
    The possibility of moving at least one shaping member 21 with respect to the ground to be worked vertically makes it possible, for example, to avoid stumps and stones so that the shaping members do not hit them.
    The at least one shaping member 21 can thus be arranged to float so that it can generally follow the shapes of the terrain.
    The moving means 24 may comprise, for example,> one or more hydraulic lifting cylinders for each shaping member 21 = as in the example of the figures.
    The moving means 24 can also be implemented in other ways.
    The movement means 24 for adjusting the distance E of the at least one shaping element 21 relative to the ground to be worked can be controlled by the user or controller of the equipment via a suitable control user interface and / or
    i matically by the hardware. According to one embodiment, the leveling means 40 comprise at least N 35 one leveling roller 41A, 41B having a substantially cylindrical body 42A, 42B and adapted to rotate about an axis of rotation substantially aligned with
    perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the seed drill between the front end 100 and the rear end 200 of the seed drill.
    According to a further embodiment, the leveling means 40 comprise at least two leveling rollers 41A, 41B, which are preferably arranged in parallel.
    Preferably, the leveling rollers 41A, 41B are arranged in parallel on 5 as many seed lines as the shaping members 21. The leveling rollers 41A, 41B can be identical or different in construction.
    According to one embodiment, the leveling means 40 comprises a pair of at least one first leveling roller 41A and a second leveling roller 41B, wherein the first leveling roller 41A and the second leveling roller 41B of the pair are arranged in succession so that the second leveling roller 41B is positioned on the rear leveling roller 200 41A.
    Preferably, the first leveling roller 41A and the second leveling roller 41B of the pair are arranged successively in the longitudinal direction of the seed drill so that they are on the same sowing line.
    That is, preferably, for each sowing line, there may always be one such pair formed by the first leveling roller 41A and the second leveling roller 41B.
    Successive leveling rollers 414, 41B can level and compact the ground more effectively compared to having only one leveling roller per sowing line.
    According to one embodiment, the leveling means 40 comprise at least two pairs of first leveling rolls 41A and second leveling rolls 41B arranged in parallel.
    The sowing cultivator according to the example of the figures comprises two pairs of first leveling rollers 41A and second leveling rollers 41B arranged in parallel, preferably arranged on both sides of the longitudinal central axis of the seeding cultivator and preferably on the same sowing lines as the corresponding shaping elements 21 in front of the pairs. in the seed drill according to the example of the figures, the shaping member 21, the first leveling roller 41A and the second leveling roller 41B on one side of its longitudinal central axis are successively forming one seed line and the shaping member 21A on the other side of the longitudinal center axis, respectively. the second leveling rollers 41B are in succession, thus forming a second © 30 sowing line.
    By way of example, the pairs of leveling rollers 41A, 41B may be several successive and / or parallel, for example according to the number of sowing lines and / or according to the size or structure of the selected seed drill.
    According to one embodiment i, the outer surface of the cylindrical body 42A of each first leveling roll 41A is patterned, for example embossed, or substantially smooth.
    According to one embodiment, the outer surface of the cylindrical body 42B of each second leveling roll 41B is substantially smooth.
    In the example of the figures, the outer surface of the body 42A of the first leveling rollers of each of the two parallel pairs of leveling rollers is embossed with substantially longitudinal projections 43 and the outer surface of the body 42B of the second leveling rollers is smooth.
    The pattern 43 of the body of the first leveling roller 42A may allow the soil to level and compact.
    The substantial smoothness of the outer surface of the second leveling roller body 42B may allow the seeding surface to become substantially flat.
    The structure of the outer surfaces of the leveling rollers may differ from that shown in the figures.
    Several successive leveling rollers can shape the soil surface with sowing lines so that the soil surface becomes smooth and compact to enhance seed germination.
    According to one embodiment, at least one of the at least one leveling rollers 41A, 41B is arranged to be pulled.
    The traction feature can make it easier to drive and / or reverse the seed drill.
    Traction can be implemented in many ways, for example with the aid of a motor.
    In the example of the figures, the first leveling rollers 41A are arranged to be pulling.
    The patterning 43 of the outer surface of the body 42A of the first leveling rollers, combined with the tensile property, allows better adhesion of the leveling rollers to the ground to be worked and thus better traction.
    The traction compensating rollers 41A can preferably be rotated in both directions.
    According to one embodiment, the leveling means 40 comprise one or more bogies 44 to which the leveling rollers 41A, 41B are connected.
    By means of the bogie 44, the leveling rollers 41A, 41B can better follow the varying shapes of the soil to be worked.
    In the example of the figures, the bogie 44 is connected to the seed drill body 50 between the first compensating rollers 41A and the second compensating rollers 41B along the width axis of the seed drill, but the location and structure of the bogie may vary depending on the equipment structure.
    According to a further embodiment, the leveling means 40 comprise cleaning means 45 for cleaning at least one leveling roller 41A, 41B.
    By means of the cleaning means, o the outer surface of the leveling rollers 41A, 41B can be cleaned of soil, which can improve o the compaction result of the soil.
    The soil adhering to the roller could impair the compaction of the soil.
    In the example of the figures, the cleaning means comprise cleaning scrapers 45, = arranged to clean the second leveling rollers 41B.
    The cleaning of the leveling rollers can also be carried out with other cleaning means.
    The cleaning means E can be placed on the leveling rollers 41A, 41B in different ways.
    According to one embodiment, the leveling means 40 comprise at least one track (not shown in the figures) arranged around at least one pair of first leveling rolls 41A and second leveling rolls 41B.
    The track can be arranged on the frames 42A, 42B of said pairs of rollers 35 so that the track forms a uniform surface with respect to the ground to be worked between the axes of the leveling rolls 41A, 41B.
    to that area. The leveling means 40 may comprise a plurality of pairs of leveling rollers 41A, 41B provided with surrounding track chains. With the help of the track, the seed drill can be stabilized, for example, when crossing tree stands and similar obstacles and in generally difficult terrain. The track can be made of metal, for example. The track may also have parts made of a softer material, such as rubber, which can be flexible against the ground and thus, for example, dampen any driving noises when using the track. The track can be arranged to be driven, for example by means of one or more driving leveling rollers. The track can also be arranged around one or more individual compensating rollers 41A, 41B. In this case, the track-specific track chain can act on the outer surface of the leveling roller body 42A, 42B against the ground to be worked.
    According to one embodiment, the seed sowing means 30 comprise at least one seed hopper 31 for storing seeds to be sown and seed feeding means 32 connected to the seed hopper, adapted to feed seeds from the seed hopper to leveled and compacted soil by leveling means 40. The seeds are fed into the ground from at least one outlet 33 of the seed feeding means 32, which is arranged on the rear end 200 of the seed drill with respect to the leveling means 40. Sowing of the seeds can thus be carried out after the last leveling rollers 41B as the last step in the three-stage operation of the seed drill. It is possible that each sowing line has a plurality of outlets 33 of the feeding means. The seeds can be guided to the ground via the feeding means 32 so that the seeds remain intact and can be sown. In the example of the figures, the seed sowing means 30 essentially comprise a seed hopper 31 located on the rear side 200 of the seed drill and seed feeding means 32 connected to the seed hopper, the outlet openings 33 of which are arranged behind the second leveling rollers 41B on the side of the seed drill rear side 200. The seed supply means 32 according to the example of the figures comprise pipelines extending from the seed container 31 to the outlet opening 33 = of the supply means. The structure, number and placement of the seed drills 30 may differ from those shown in the figures. The synchronization of the seed sowing means 30 can be carried out in various ways, for example by means of other parts of the sowing cultivator. According to one embodiment shown in the figures, the synchronization i of the feed means 32 is arranged so that the rotational movement of one compensating roller 41B is transmitted to a synchronizing wheel 34 connected thereto, to which a connected belt 35A and a second belt 35B extending to the seed hopper 31 - a known seed feed rate from the seed hopper 31 to the seed feed means 32.
    According to one embodiment, the seed drill comprises at least one motor 70 or a similar power source adapted to use, for example, cultivating means 20 and / or compensating means 40. For example, a seed cultivator according to the example of the figures comprises a motor 70 arranged substantially on the seed cultivator body 50. - on the rim, the power supply to the shaping means 20 and to the first, in this case traction, compensating rollers 41A is provided by the motor 70. The transmission from the motor 70 can be arranged, for example, by means of a mechanical and / or hydraulic connection. Unlike the example, the seed drill may comprise a plurality of differently arranged motors 70 arranged to drive the seed drill means in different ways. The one or more engines 70 may be, for example, an electric engine or an internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine or a positive ignition engine, or a combination of two or more different engine types. The rated power of the motor or motors used is preferably selected according to the power requirement, which may vary depending on, for example, the design of the device and / or the sowing conditions. It is also possible that the seed drill does not have its own power source at all.
    According to one embodiment, the coupling means 10 comprise at least one bracket 11 for coupling the seed drill to the drive and at least one coupling member 12 extending from the bracket 11 to the seed drill body 50. The coupling means 10 may further comprise at least one lifting member 13 for adjusting the height of the coupling member 12. In the example of the figures, the coupling means 10 comprise an articulated bracket 11, a rather boom-like coupling member 12 and a lifting cylinder acting as a lifting member 13. The structure, number and arrangement of the coupling means 10 may differ from those shown in the figures. According to one embodiment, the coupling means 10 are adapted to receive the operating power of the seed drill from the drive device electrically, mechanically and / or hydraulically. However, the seed drill can also be implemented without a power supply from the drive unit, so that the operating power required by the seed drill is only produced by one or more © 70 motors 70 of the seed drill.
    E With the seed drill © according to the various embodiments described above, it is possible to cultivate the soil and sow the seed without interruption. Sowing does not have to be interrupted even during turns. With the seed drill 2 it is possible to keep the work performance at a substantially constant level so that the work performance N 35 depends only to a small extent on the user of the machine. For example, the seed cultivator according to the example of Figs. 1-3 can be used to sow, for example, ten seeds every one meter. With such a sowing rate, it is possible, for example, to sow in an area of about seven hectares in one day, so that, for example, 400 g of seeds are sown per hectare (depending on the type of seed to be sown). The work to be achieved with the seed drill may depend, for example, on the structure of the equipment and the selected embodiments.
    It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that as technology advances, the basic idea of the invention can be implemented in many different ways. The invention and its embodiments are thus not limited to the examples described above but may vary within the scope of the claims.
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    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1]
    A seed drill for sowing seeds, having a front end (100) and a rear end (200), comprising: coupling means (10) for coupling the seed drill to the drive device; tillage means (20) for tilling the land; seed sowing means (30) for feeding seed to be sown to the ground; characterized in that the sowing cultivator further comprises: leveling means (40) for leveling and compacting the soil cultivated by the cultivating means (20), wherein the seed sowing means (30) are adapted to feed the seed to be sown to the leveled and compacted soil by the leveling means (40).
    [2]
    Seed cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the cultivating means (20) comprise at least one cultivating member (21) having a substantially cylindrical body (22) and adapted to rotate about an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the front end (100) of the seed cultivator. and a longitudinal axis of the seed drill between the rear end (200).
    [3]
    Seed cultivator according to claim 2, characterized in that the cultivating means (20) comprise at least two said cultivating elements (21) arranged in parallel.
    [4]
    Seed cultivator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that said at least one cultivating member (21) comprises blades (23) projecting from the outer surface of its cylindrical body (22) for milling the ground.
    [5]
    Seed cultivator according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the cultivating means (20) comprise moving means (24) for adjusting the distance of said at least one cultivating element (21) relative to the ground to be cultivated.
    [6]
    Seed cultivator according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the leveling means (40) comprise at least one leveling roller (41A, E 41B) having a substantially cylindrical body (42A, 42B) and adapted to G rotate about an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the seed drill between the front end (100) and the rear end (200) of the seed drill.
    [7]
    Seed cultivator according to claim 6, characterized in that the leveling means (40) comprise at least two said leveling rollers (41A, 41B) arranged in parallel.
    [8]
    Seed cultivator according to claim 6, characterized in that the leveling means (40) comprise at least one pair formed by the first leveling roller (41A) and the second leveling roller (41B), wherein the first leveling roller (41A) and the second leveling roller (41B) of the pair are arranged in succession such that the second leveling roller (41B) is positioned on the rear end (200) of the seed drill relative to the first leveling roller (41A).
    [9]
    Seed cultivator according to claim 8, characterized in that the leveling means (40) comprise at least two pairs of said first leveling roller (41A) and a second leveling roller (41B) arranged in parallel.
    [10]
    Seed cultivator according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the outer surface of the cylindrical body of each first leveling roller (41A) is embossed or substantially smooth and the cylindrical outer surface of each second leveling roller (41B) is substantially smooth.
    [11]
    Seed cultivator according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the leveling means (40) comprise at least one track arranged around at least one pair of first leveling rollers (41A) and second leveling rollers (41B).
    [12]
    Seed cultivator according to any one of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that at least one of said at least one leveling roller (41A, 41B) is arranged to be driven.
    [13]
    Seed cultivator according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the seed sowing means (30) comprise at least one D seed hopper (31) for seed to be sown and seed feed means (32) connected to the seed hopper, adapted to feed seed from said at least = one seed hopper (31) to the leveled and compacted ground with leveling means (40). E
    [14]
    Seed cultivator according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it comprises at least one motor (70) which is adapted to drive cultivating means (20) and / or leveling means (40). 2
    [15]
    Seed cultivator, N 35 according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the coupling means (10) are adapted to receive
    power to the seed drill from the drive electrically, mechanically and / or hydraulically.
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    FI128942B|2021-03-31|
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    法律状态:
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